ETHSEM

Ki Hajar Dewantara

Dewantara’s is an Indonesian education figure who is known as a pioneer of national education and the Father of Indonesia education. Dewantara's real name was Raden Mas Soewardi Soeryaningrat on May 2, 1889, in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Dewantara’s has a trilogy of philosophies that are the foundation of Indonesian Education: “Ing Ngarsa Sung Tuladha, Ing Madya Mangun Karsa, Tut Wuri Handayani”. Each philosophy has a deep meaning about the role of teachers and education in shaping students' character:

• Ing Ngarsa Sung Tuladha means that in front must set an example. Teachers or educational leaders must be a good examples for their students in actions, attitudes, and behaviors. Teachers must impart moral and ethical values to their students.
• Ing Madya Mangun Karsa means in the middle must build enthusiasm. Teachers must be able to arouse students' enthusiasm, motivation, and fighting power. Teachers must be able to stimulate students' creativity and interest in learning so that they become individuals who are passionate about learning and developing.
• Tut Wuri Handayani means that behind you must encourage. Teachers must support and guide students to develop and discover their potential. Teachers provide opportunities for students to learn independently by providing direction and motivation from behind....

  
  Ki Hadjar Dewantara has the concept of Education based on Kodrat Alam (“the nature of nature”) and Kodrat Zaman (“the nature of times”). Education based on natural nature is a process of cultural fulfillment, so every teaching must develop and continue children's local characteristics/wisdom. The process of cultural continuity through education is a must for the nation to continue the struggle to achieve its goals. Ki Hadjar Dewantara considers the uniqueness of individual nature and cultural development as connected, dynamic, and advanced in an education system. Education based on the nature of the times means the current condition experienced by students, namely the era of the Industrial Revolution 4.0. The qualifications needed for the 21st century based on the Framework partnership of 21st Century Skills states that four skills must be mastered by students in the 21st century including Critical Thinking, Communication, Collaboration, and Creativity. Read Less

  Read More